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Global Styles

DanceSport (competitive ballroom dancing)

1. International Style

This style is split into two disciplines, each containing five specific dances. In high-level "10-Dance" competitions, couples must perform all ten.

Discipline

Dances

Characteristics

Standard

Waltz, Tango, Viennese Waltz, Slow Foxtrot, Quickstep

Partners remain in a closed hold (body contact) at all times. It is elegant, technical, and emphasizes "swing and sway."

Latin

Samba, Cha-Cha-Cha, Rumba, Paso Doble, Jive

Partners use various holds (closed, open, or solo). It focuses on rhythm, leg action, and sensual/dynamic expression.


Physical Therapy

2. American Style

Primarily danced in the United States and Canada, this style is also split into two disciplines. A major difference here is that dancers can break their hold and perform "open" patterns or solo movements.

Discipline

Dances

Comparison to International

Smooth

Waltz, Tango, Foxtrot, Viennese Waltz

Similar to Standard, but allows for solo spins and theatrical "show" movements. It omits the Quickstep.

Rhythm

Cha-Cha, Rumba, East Coast Swing, Bolero, Mambo

Similar to Latin, but focuses on "Cuban Motion" (hip action) with a slightly different technique and dance selection.


Rehabilitation & Sports

3. Specialty & Other Disciplines

Beyond the core four disciplines, DanceSport organizations have expanded to include several other competitive categories:

  • Breaking (Breakdance): Now an Olympic discipline under the World DanceSport Federation (WDSF).
  • Rock 'n' Roll & Boogie Woogie: High-energy acrobatic styles.
  • Caribbean & Nightclub: Competitive versions of Salsa, Bachata, Merengue, and West Coast Swing.
  • Formation Dance: Teams of couples (usually 6–8) performing a synchronized routine in Standard or Latin.
  • Show Dance: Choreographed theatrical performances that allow for more creative costuming and music choices.

Prevention

4.Dancing with the teacher

In the world of DanceSport, Pro-Am (short for Professional-Amateur) or T&S (teacher -Studend) ,is a competition format where an amateur student partners with a professional instructor. If you’ve ever seen Dancing with the Stars, that is essentially a high-profile version of Pro-Am or T&S. It is arguably the most popular way for adults to enter the competitive world because it removes the "partner hunt"—one of the biggest hurdles in ballroom dancing.

How It Works:

  • The Partnership: Your teacher is your partner. They handle the "navigation" on the floor, providing a strong "lead" (or "follow") that allows you to perform at a higher level than you might with another beginner.
  • Who is Judged: In most Pro-Am categories, only the amateur is judged. The professional is there to showcase the student's skills, much like a frame showcases a painting.
  • The Levels: Competitions are strictly categorized so you only compete against people at your same stage:
  • Skill: Newcomer $\rightarrow$ Bronze $\rightarrow$ Silver $\rightarrow$ Gold $\rightarrow$ Open (Championship).
  • Age: Groups are typically split (e.g., A: 18–35, B: 36–50, C: 51+), ensuring a 70-year-old isn't being compared directly to a 20-year-old.

🏁 General Questions

What are the different "Levels" (Proficiency)? Competitors are grouped by skill to ensure fair play:

Syllabus Levels: Newcomer, Bronze, Silver, and Gold. In these levels, you are restricted to a specific list of "legal" steps (the syllabus).

Both are in time, but they start on different beats:

  • American: Starts on Beat 1. The timing is usually Slow-Quick-Quick (Counts 1-2, 3, 4). You take your first big step on the downbeat.

  • International: Starts on Beat 2. You "hold" beat 1 and take your first step on beat 2. The timing is 2, 3, 4-1 (Quick, Quick, Slow). This creates a characteristic "waiting" or "suspenseful" look.

This is where the athletic discipline comes in.

  • American (Cuban Motion): You step onto a bent knee and then straighten it to create hip movement. This gives it a "earthy," rhythmic, and slightly softer look.

  • International (Latin Motion): You step onto a straight leg. The knee must be locked straight the moment the foot takes weight. This creates very sharp, high-contrast lines and is generally considered more technically demanding.

  • American Rumba is significantly faster (approx. 120–144 BPM). Because it’s quicker, the movements are often smaller and more "chatter-like."

  • International Rumba is the slowest of all the competitive Latin dances (approx. 104–108 BPM). The slow speed is intentional—it forces the dancers to show off extreme balance, body extension, and "tension" between partners.


Comparison Summary

Feature American Rumba International Rumba
Basic Pattern Box Step Forward/Back (No close)
First Step On Beat 1 On Beat 2
Knee Action Step on bent knee Step on straight leg
Vibe Social, Flirtatious, Fun Intense, Passionate, Serious
Speed Faster (120+ BPM) Slower (~104 BPM)